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        תוצאת חיפוש

        ספטמבר 1997

        סווטלנה ברזובסקי וארנולד רוזין
        עמ'

        Should Physical Restraints be used in an Acute Geriatric Ward?

         

        Svetlana Barazovski, Arnold Rosin

         

        Geriatric Dept., Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem

         

        A prospective study was carried out in an acute geriatric ward to determine the incidence of the use of physical restraints, the reasons for using them and the consequences. Over a period of 8 months an independent observer documented all cases in which a restraint was used and followed them until it was removed. A questionnaire was submitted to the nurses as to why they applied the restraints. 16% of patients had some form of restraint applied, in 2/3 of them for up to half of their stay in the ward. In over 90% of those restrained, functional (Barthel) and cognitive (mini-mental) scores were between 0-5. In unrestrained patients, the functional score was 0-5 in 79% and the cognitive score 0-5 in 72%. The main reason for applying restraints, usually sheets or body binders, was to prevent the patient from falling out of, or slipping from chairs, rather than to stop them from rising out of them. Other important reasons, which overlapped, were to prevent the patient from interfering with nasogastric tubes, catheters, and IV cannulas, each in 1/3 of the group. Restraints were discarded when deterioration did not allow the patient to sit out of bed, to decrease agitation, to allow enteral or parenteral treatment, and in 12%, when there was supervision by the family. Of 33 families interviewed, none opposed application of restraints, and most left the decision to the responsible ward staff. We conclude that restraints cannot be avoided in some acutely ill, old patients with severe physical and mental dysfunction. However, ways should be sought to minimize their use, as recommended in the literature, by demanding from the staff a specific reason, signed agreement of a physician, close follow-up, and favorable environmental conditions such as suitable chairs, occupational activity, and staff cooperation in removing the restraints.

        ד' גוטליב, מ' קפניס, א' סיסטר, נ' לפקין, ו' מדבדב וש' בריל
        עמ'

        Hospitalization of the Elderly for Stroke Rehabilitation

         

        D. Gottlieb, M. Kipnis, E. Sister, N. Lipkin, M. Medvedev, S. Brill

         

        Stroke Rehabilitation Unit, Neurogeriatric Dept., Beit Rivka Geriatric Hospital, Petah Tikva

         

        This is a descriptive, longitudinal study of 400 elderly patients admitted for stroke rehabilitation to a geriatric department dedicated to this purpose. We present the demographic, medical, and impairment and disability characteristics on admission, and the outcome of rehabilitation. Mean stay was 54 days and 2/3 became independent and returned home. Functional score on admission was the best predictor of outcome, but age and social support were also significant.

        עודד זמיר, מרים בן הרוש, דן צרור והרברט ר' פרוינד
        עמ'

        Thoracoscopic Biopsy of Pulmonary Lesions in Nonpulmonary Malignancy following Chemotherapy

         

        Oded Zamir, Myriam Weyl Ben-Arush, Dan Seror, Herbert R. Freund

         

        Surgical Dept., Hadassah-University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem and Miri Shitrit Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa

         

        The appearance of focal pulmonary lesions in a patient with a nonpulmonary malignancy is worrisome. Apart from metastasis, the differential diagnosis includes benign conditions such as infectious and granulomatous diseases, enlarged lymph nodes, atelectasis, radiation pneumonitis, and bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP). CT-guided needle biopsy is not always diagnostic and may not be feasible in very small lesions. Since open lung biopsy is associated with considerable morbidity, many physicians tend to postpone tissue diagnosis for a few weeks and perform a biopsy only if repeat chest CT scans show increase in size or number of the lesions. This approach may lead to undesirable delay of appropriate treatment. We report video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy in 7 patients with nonpulmonary malignancy who developed lung lesions following chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Histological examination proved metastatic lesions in only 2. There were no operative complications and recovery was rapid and smooth in all patients. Thoracoscopic lung biopsy is an effective, minimally invasive diagnostic tool that obviates the need for thoracotomy in these patients.

        ירון שפירא, רפאל הירש, רות יורטנר, משה ניל"י, ברנרדו וידנה, אליק שגיא
        עמ'

        Prosthetic Heart Valve Thrombosis: A 3-Year Experience

         

        Yaron Shapira, Rafael Hirsch, Ruth Jortner, Moshe Nili, Bernardo Vidne, Alex Sagie

         

        Sheingarten Echocardiography Unit and Cardiology Dept., Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson Campus), Petah Tikva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

         

        A series of 12 patients with 16 episodes of prosthetic heart-valve thrombosis over 3 years is presented. Most episodes affected mitral or tricuspid bileaflet prostheses. All patients were inadequately anticoagulated at the time of thrombosis. The clinical presentation was acute and severe in 6 patients, and subacute or chronic in the rest. Physical examination was suggestive of stuck valves in most cases. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed increased transvalvular gradients in most. However, clearer evidence of valve thrombosis was obtained from transesophageal echocardiography or fluoroscopy. 9 patients eventually had their valves re-replaced successfully, and the preoperative diagnosis was confirmed in all. 5 patients were operated as soon as the diagnosis was established, and an additional 4 were operated after failure of anticoagulation. In 4 patients the valve leaflets became completely mobile after a course of thrombolysis. Prosthetic valve thrombosis is a severe and potentially fatal complication in patients with mechanical heart valves. Alertness of physicians at all levels- the general practitioner, the internist and the cardiologist- to the possibility of valve thrombosis and to its clinical presentation may lead to prompt and earlier diagnosis and to comprehensive therapy.

        אוגוסט 1997

        סורל גולנד, סטיב מלניק, לב שווידל, איתן מור, זאב שטגר ואלה עברון
        עמ'

        Budd-Chiari Syndrome

         

        S. Goland, S.D.H. Malnick, L. Shvidel, E. Mor, Z.M. Sthoeger, E. Evron

         

        Medical Depts. C and B, and Hematology Institute, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot; and Surgical Dept. B, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva

         

        Budd Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder resulting from occlusion of hepatic venous drainage by hepatic vein thrombosis or by a membranous web in the inferior vena cava. In western countries the commonest causes are myeloproliferative disorders and hypercoagulable states. Presentation may be acute with rapid accumulation of ascites and hepatic failure, or subacute with symptoms developing over a few months. A chronic progressive form has also been described. On presentation there is usually abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatosplenomegaly; hepatic encephalopathy is found in about a third. Noninvasive, ultrasound-Doppler is recommended in diagnosis, and has a high correlation with hepatic venography. Liver biopsy is required for therapeutic decisions. Those with advanced hepatic failure or severe fibrosis on liver biopsy are referred for hepatic transplantation. When biopsy shows only hepatic congestion and inflammatory infiltrates, portosystemic shunting is recommended. We present a 61-year-old woman with ascites and hepatosplenomegaly that had developed over the courses of a few months. Budd-Chiari syndrome with chronic myelofibrosis and congenital protein C deficiency were diagnosed. Portosystemic shunt was performed but death from sepsis followed shortly.

        א' אדונסקי, א' עטר וה' טראו
        עמ'

        Buschke-Ollendorf Syndrome

         

        A. Adunsky, E. Atar, H. Trau

         

        Depts. of Geriatrics, Radiology, and Dermatology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer

         

        Buschke-Ollendorf syndrome is a rare condition characterized by uneven sclerotic, osseous formations seen on X-ray (osteopoikilosis) and fibrous skin papules (dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata). We report an 82-year-old man with this syndrome. Awareness of the condition is important to avoid misdiagnosis and hazardous management designed for other disorders, such as prostatic metastases.
         

        חן בן אברהם, ערן סגל, יזהר הרדן, עופר שפילברג, סלומון שטמר, אנג'לה שטרית, יצחק בן בסט, ועזריאל פרל
        עמ'

        Hemato-Oncology Patients in Acute Respiratory Failure in the ICU

         

        R. Ben-Abraham, E. Segal, I. Hardan, D. Shpilberg,S. Stemer, A. Shitrit, I. Ben-Bassat, A. Perel

         

        Depts. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Epidemiology; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

         

        Hemato-oncology patients needing mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure (ARF) have an extremely poor prognosis, with a mortality of more than 90%. Over an 18 month-period 17 such patients were admitted to our ICU. Diagnoses included leukemia (11 cases), lymphoma (1), and status post bone marrow transplantation for leukemia, lymphoma or breast cancer (5). Of 8 whose ARF was associated with septic complications due to neutropenia following chemotherapy, 6 survived. Of 9 who developed ARF due to toxic damage to vital organs following high-dose chemotherapy, 2 survived. Those who develop ARF during chemotherapy are expected to have an increase in granulocyte count within days, and have a surprisingly good prognosis. They should be admitted to the ICU and treated aggressively. Those who develop sepsis due their primary disease and whose general condition contraindicates chemotherapy, have an extremely grave prognosis and admission to the ICU may not be warranted.

        רן כץ, עמוס שפירא, שמעון מרטיק, יחזקאל לנדאו ודב פודה
        עמ'

        Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy

         

        Ran Katz, Amos Shapiro, Shimon Meretyk, Ezekiel H. Landau, Dov Pode

         

        Urology Dept., Hadassah,University Hospital and Hebrew University,Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem

         

        Radical prostatectomy may cure most patients in whom the malignant tumor has not invaded through the prostatic capsule. Advances in surgical technique and accumulation of experience have decreased the complication rate significantly. Long-term results of surgical treatment are now better than those of other forms of treatment; hence radical prostatectomy is now recommended for men with life expectancies longer than 10 years. Between 1988 and 1995, 164 men with clinical stages T1 or T2 adenocarcinoma were admitted for radical prostatectomy. Most were not offered a nerve-sparing procedure, so as to allow wider, more complete resection. Those who wanted preservation of sexual function underwent the nerve- preserving procedure. In 6 patients operation was discontinued when metastases to the iliac lymph nodes were detected and in 1 when invasion of the pelvic wall was found. 157 underwent radical prostatectomy. Preoperative biopsy revealed a low-grade lesion (Gleason 2-4) in 19.1%, intermediate grade (Gleason 5-6) in 61.8% and high-grade (Gleason 7-9) in 19.1%; however, pathologic grading revealed that only 7.0% had grade 2-4 tumor, 60.5% grade 5-6 and 32.5% grade 7-9. Pathologic staging revealed T2 tumor in 58%, T3 in 38.8% (including microscopic invasion of the capsule or seminal vesicles); microscopic lymph node metastases were found in 3.2%. Tumor invasion through the capsule was found in only 2 of 13 treated with neoadjuvant androgen blockade, compared with 40% in those who did not receive this treatment. There was no operative mortality and only 14.7% has complications. All had urinary incontinence immediately after operation, but regained continence after an average of 4-5 months. 24 were incontinent for more than 12 months, but most of them had only mild stress incontinence. Most patients were impotent after the procedure. There was tumor recurrence, diagnosed by rise in serum PSA, in 26 during an average follow-up of 26.4 months (range 3-93). Cure rate of prostatic cancer by radical prostatectomy may be increased by improved preoperative staging methods and better patient selection; long term follow up is required for determining cure rate.

        ג'וליה ברדה, דינו ברנשטיין, שגית ארבל-אלון, חיים זכות ויוסף מנצ'ר
        עמ'

        Gynecologic Problems of the Lower Genital Tract in Children and Young Adolescents

         

        Giulia Barda, Dino Bernstein, Sagit Arbel-Alon, Haim Zakut, Joseph Menczer

         

        Dept of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

         

        Hospital records of 46 girls under the age of 17 years, hospitalized for lower genital tract problems in 1986-95 were reviewed. The most common conditions were results of unintentional injuries (43.5%), imperforate hymen (28.2%) and infections (19.6%). The median age for unintentional injuries was significantly lower than for other conditions (7.0 vs 11.4; p<0.001). Most injuries were external and occurred during outdoor activities. Mean volume of estimated bloody fluid drained in those with imperforate hymen was greater when the diagnosis was made after the age of 12 (783 vs 433; not significant). It has been suggested that hematocolpos and hematometra should be prevented, but the possible unfavorable sequelae have not been documented. The relative order of frequency of the various diagnostic groupings and the diagnoses of labial adhesions and imperforate hymen are specific for the age of the study group.

        יאיר בר-אל, משה קליאן, יוסי מר, הילה קנובלר, יעקב לרנר וחיים קנובלר
        עמ'

        The Homeless and the Health System: Profile of the Homeless Patient

         

        J. Posen, N. Tanai, S. Spiro, D. Frumer

         

        Social Work Dept., Ichilov Hospital, Tel Aviv and Faculty of Social Work, Tel Aviv University

         

        The homeless population is mobile and does not use ambulatory health care services. Thus the major contact between the homeless and the medical establishment occurs primarily when they are treated for acute symptoms in hospital. We describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile of the homeless who require hospital services. The research population included 50 homeless treated in the emergency room and various departments of our medical center between October 1994 and August 1995. Social workers used a questionnaire relating to clinical, sociodemographic and social factors. Most patients were men, 76% under the age of 50. The most common diagnosis was alcoholism; other diagnoses included back, limb and joint injuries, infections, skin diseases, and general exhaustion. There were subgroups with differing needs within this homeless population for which appropriate rehabilitation programs are proposed.

        יולי 1997

        קרלוס כפרי, ראובן איליה ובנימין גולפרב
        עמ'

        Left Atrial Ball Thrombus

         

        Carlos Cafri, Reuben Ilia, Benjamin Goldfarb

         

        Cardiological Services, Soroka Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba

         

        An 80-year-old hypertensive woman with chronic atrial fibrillation was hospitalized because of recurrent syncope. Echocardiography revealed a large left atrial ball thrombus. Operative findings confirmed the echocardiographic diagnosis.

        אורי ספרן, רמי מושיוב, יואל מתן ומאיר ליברגל
        עמ'

        Surgical Repair of Fractures of the Clavicle

         

        O. Safran, R. Mosheiff, Y. Mattan, M. Liebergall

         

        Orthopedic Dept., Hadassah-University Hospital, Jerusalem

         

        Clavicular fractures make up 45% of shoulder girdle fractures. The clavicle's susceptibility to injury is due to its subcutaneous position and its role as the bony connection between the thorax and the shoulder. In 95% of cases the mechanism of injury is a direct blow to the shoulder. These fractures are usually treated conservatively without surgery. But there are a few such fractures that require surgical repair in order to unite well. 9 patients were operated on for clavicular fractures during 1991-1995. The indications for surgical repair were lateral-third fracture, floating shoulder, neurovascular deficit or nonunion. The methods used were open reduction and fixation with either plate and screws, Kirchner wires, cerclage or a combination. All fractures united well, with no infections or new neurovascular deficits. Good range of shoulder motion and acceptable cosmetic results were achieved in all. 1 patient had functional limitation due to brachial neuritis caused by brachial damage at the time of injury. Indications for surgical repair and the methods used in these cases are similar to those described in the literature. The high rate of union and absence of complications support surgical repair for the few clavicular fractures that are not likely to unite properly.

        ד' זמיר, ק' זינגר, י' ירחובסקי, צ' פיירמן, ר' מג'דלה, ל' זליקובסקי, ג' ברטל ופ' וינר
        עמ'

        Gastrointestinal Angiodysplasia

         

        D. Zamir, C. Zinger, J. Jarchovski, Z. Fireman, R. Magadle, L. Zelikovski, G. Bartal, P. Weiner

         

        Depts. of Medicine A and B, and Gastroenterology and Nuclear Institutes, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera

         

        Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia is a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly, for which surgery has been the only treatment. Estrogen has been reported beneficial in some cases in the past decade. Recurrent bleeding due to angiodysplasia occurred from the small intestine in a 75-year-old woman, and from the right colon in a 91-year-old man. The diagnoses were made by angiography in the first case and colonoscopy and erythrocyte- scanning in the second. There was aortic stenosis in both, a combination which has been reported in other cases. Both patients improved with estrogen therapy. However, after temporary stabilization, gastrointestinal bleeding recurred in the second patient and he was successfully operated on.

        אלי שלוח, משה הורוביץ ואליעזר זקלר
        עמ'

        Terbinafine-Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury

         

        E. Shiloah, M. Horowiz, E. Zecler

         

        Dept. of Medicine C, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin (Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University)

         

        A 43-year-old man presented with weakness, pruritus, skin rash and jaundice 2 weeks after treatment for onychomycosis with terbinafine (Lamisil) was started. Liver function tests showed combined hepatocellular and cholestatic injury. Ultrasound examination, computerized tomography and ERCP excluded extrahepatic obstruction. Serology was negative for HBV, HCV, HAV, CMV, and EBV. Liver biopsy was consistent with drug-induced cholestatic injury. Since the clinical picture did not improve when terbinafine was stopped, corticosteroids were started and resulted in complete clinical and laboratory recovery; liver function tests were normal 8 months after corticosteroids were discontinued.

        אלי אשכנזי, סטיבן ת' אונסטי ויוסט ו' מיקולסון
        עמ'

        Surgical Approach to Benign Extradural Lesions of the Thoracic Spine

         

        Ely Ashkenazi, Stephen T. Onesti, W.J. Michelsen

         

        Depts. of Neurosurgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem and Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, The Bronx, New York

         

        A benign epidural lesion in the thoracic spine is rare, and usually the result of intervertebral disc herniation or infection. Not long ago patients were diagnosed late in the course of their disease and the surgical results of the standard laminectomy usually performed were grave. The development of newer imaging techniques (CT and MRI) has made diagnosis much easier, so diagnosis is often earlier, when neurological deficit is minimal. Newer neurosurgical techniques and approaches to the thoracic spoine have been developed to treat these lesions, which we describe. Clinical data on 16 patients operated from January 1996 to January 1997 are presented.

        הבהרה משפטית: כל נושא המופיע באתר זה נועד להשכלה בלבד ואין לראות בו ייעוץ רפואי או משפטי. אין הר"י אחראית לתוכן המתפרסם באתר זה ולכל נזק שעלול להיגרם. כל הזכויות על המידע באתר שייכות להסתדרות הרפואית בישראל. מדיניות פרטיות
        כתובתנו: ז'בוטינסקי 35 רמת גן, בניין התאומים 2 קומות 10-11, ת.ד. 3566, מיקוד 5213604. טלפון: 03-6100444, פקס: 03-5753303