תוצאת חיפוש

הלן שיינפלד, פאולה רושקה, אירנה פינקלשטיין, הלל דיוויס

המרכז לבריאות הנפש טלביה, ירושלים

הוואגיניסמוס הוא הפרעה המשויכת לגינקולוגיה ולפסיכיאטריה. רק חלק מהלוקות בוואגיניסמוס מגיעות לטיפול פסיכיאטרי. ייתכן שמקורה הנפשי של ההפרעה שכיח יותר מהאבחנות בפועל. במאמר זה מובאים הנסיבות והגורמים הפסיכולוגיים שבבסיס תופעה זו, בחמש פרשות חולות. בשלוש פרשות החולות הראשונות – נשים צעירות מרקע תרבותי שמרני או דתי – אובחן ואגיניסמוס ראשוני שגרם לנישואים בלתי-ממומשים. התגלה שלאותן נשים היה "סוד" הקשור לחוויה מינית מוקדמת. פרט זה הוא משמעותי ואף עשוי להוות נקודת-מיפנה בטיפול. שתי פרשות החולות הנותרות הן של נשים מבוגרות יותר שלקו בתופעה של ואגיניסמוס מישני לאחר שנים של חיי-מין ללא ואגיניסמוס. במאמר נדונות דרכי הטיפול, השונות בדרך-כלל, בכל אחד משני סוגי ואגיניסמוס מישני עשויה להתגלות הפרעה משמעותית ברקע האישיותי או הזוגי, שיחייב טיפול נרחב וממושך יותר. נודעת חשיבות רבה לכך שרופאים יתנו את דעתם לאותן נשים הזקוקות לטיפול פסיכיאטרי, ולא גינקולוגי.

Empirical Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in the Delivery Room

Peter Jakobi, Orly Goldstick, Renato Finkelstein, Joseph Itzkovitz-Eldor

Obstetrics and Gynecology Dept. and Infectious Disease Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection during pregnancy. In prenatal and delivery wards treatment is usually started at once in pregnant women with symptoms suggesting UTI, but there is no uniformity as to treatment. We surveyed such treatment in the delivery rooms throughout Israel, and whether the treatment differed in simple cystitis as opposed to pyelonephritis. Results of positive urine cultures from symptomatic parturients admitted here during 1995-1996 were examined.

There were 17 different empiric treatment protocols in 28 delivery rooms, whose daily cost ranged from 1-119 NIS. We present the antimicrobial sensitivity of 156 bacteria isolated from the urinary cultures from pregnant women in our prenatal ward. Based upon urinary flora, sensitivity and daily cost, we suggest a protocol for empiric treatment. We recommend first and second generation cephalosporins for treatment of simple lower (UTIs), while gentamicin is suggested for treatment of clinical pyelonephritis during pregnancy. There is no medical nor economic justification for the multiplicity of empiric treatment protocols currently used. Considering our results, our protocol is cost-effective for the empiric treatment of UTI in hospitalized parturients and in the community as well.

Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in the Primary Care Setting

Shlomo Vinker, Sasson Nakar, Sergei Finkel, Emanuel Nir, Eitan Hyam

Family Medicine Dept., Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; and Shaaraim Clinic, General Sick Fund, Rehovot; Central Cinical Laboratories, and District Medical Director, Central District of the General Sick Fund

The use of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) to prevent thromboembolism has been widespread in recent years. The concept of high- and low-intensity regimens has facilitated treatment for many, and has lowered the hazards of overly intense anticoagulation. However, a significant proportion of patients suited to the low intensity regimen are not being treated. It is not clear whether its wider use is limited by continued debate, lack of resources, lack of expertise, or other causes. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 32 patients treated with OAT administered in the primary care setting. The average age was 66±11 years (range 34-84). 9 were treated with high-intensity OAT: 8 due to artificial heart valves, and 1 due to a hypercoagulable syndrome with recurrent thromboembolism. 23 were treated with low-intensity OAT, 17 of whom had atrial fibrillation. 11 were also being treated continuously with other medication which interacted with OAT or interfered with other coagulation pathways. Such medication included: aspirin, dipyridamole, amiodarone, bezafibrate and allopurinol. Of 414 coagulation tests, 57% and 65% were in the therapeutic range in the high- and low-intensity OAT groups, respectively. There was no major bleeding event, but in 2 of 8 who bled, gastrointestinal bleeding led to hospitalization. Treatment was discontinued in 1 patient because of difficulties in achieving target INR, and in the 2 hospitalized for bleeding. The percentages of test results in, above and below the therapeutic range were similar to those in other large series, for both intensity regimens. We found that a significant proportion of patients were under chronic treatment with other medication which interacted with OAT. To estimate the rate of complications in primary care OAT, larger series are needed. We conclude that OAT can be given and monitored by the family physician, and that awareness of long and short term drug interactions with OAT is mandatory.

Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly

A. Yaretzky, J. Feldman, P. Alterman, B. Finkeltov

Dept. of Geriatric Medicine and Rheumatology Clinic, Meir Hospital, Kfar Saba and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

Opinions differ as to whether late onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents a clinical subset and whether age at onset involves differences in therapy and prognosis. In this retrospective study we compared 23 patients with early onset RA (average onset 52.8 years; 91.3% of them women), with 36 with late onset (average onset 70.3 years; 67% of them women). No statistically significant differences were found as to demographic, clinical, laboratory or radiographic characteristics.