This large retrospective cohort study investigated whether age-related macular degeneration (AMD increases the risk of dementia. Data were analyzed over 5, 7, and 10-year follow-ups with matched control groups. The study found no consistent evidence that AMD raises the risk of Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia. However, risk of unspecified dementia was higher in global data, while some regions even showed reduced risk for specific dementia types. The findings suggest that differences in regional practices and diagnostic methods likely influence outcomes, and that AMD alone should not be considered a clear indication for dementia screening.

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