Israel Medical Association Journal

We summarized the role of lung ultrasound for diagnosing and monitoring various pediatric respiratory diseases. We began with an overview of the basics of the tool, followed by describing its use in conditions such as pneumonia, pleural effusion, bronchiolitis, atelectasis, pneumothorax, bronchiectasis, and interstitial lung disease. We highlighted the sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound for the various diseases described. Furthermore, we included a comparison of this modality to other commonly used imaging techniques.

For most passengers, even those with respiratory disease, air travel is safe and comfortable. Some travelers may experience hypoxia at sea level but may not need supplemental oxygen during air travel in a hypobaric hypoxic environment. For some individuals compensatory pulmonary mechanisms may be inadequate, causing profound hypoxia. In addition, venous thromboembolism/pulmonary emboli may occur, especially during long haul flights. With adequate screening, patients at risk can be identified, therapeutic solutions can be proposed for the flight, and most can travel can continue safely with supplemental oxygen and other preventive measures.