קובי סתיו, אריה לינדנר, אמנון זיסמן 

המח' לאורולוגיה, מרכז רפואי אסף-הרופא, צריפין

מרבית הגושים הטמומים בכיליה במבוגר הם מסוג Renal cell carcinoma) RCC). ביופסיה מילעורית של גוש חשוד ל-RCC נזנחה לאורך השנים ממספר סיבות: 1) ניתוח לכריתת כיליה מהווה איבחוני וטיפולי הולם; 2) שיעור הדיוק האיבחוני של ביופסיה מילעורית לא היה גבוה דיו; 3) ביופסיה מילעורית כרוכה בסיבוכים שונים, ביניהם גם סכנה לזריעה של תאי שאת לאורך מסלול הדיקור.

היישום הנרחב של בדיקות דימות בשנים האחרונות הביא לעלייה בשיעור הגילוי של גושים קטנים בכיליה. בסיפרות הרפואית העדכנית, כ-20% מהגושים בכיליה הם טבים.  

במאמר זה נסקרים ההוריות, השיטה, הסיבוכים ושיעור הדיוק של ביופסיה מילעורית של גושים טמומים בכיליה, ונדונה הסוגיה האם יש מקום לביופסיה טרום-ניתוחית לחולים עם גושים בכיליה.

The Challenge of Space-Occupying Lesions in the Iliopsoas Space

Irena Tsikonova, Jochanan E. Naschitz, Simona Croitoru, Elisha Barmeir, Daniel Yeshurun

Depts. of Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, Bnai Zion Medical Center, and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa

Mass lesions in the iliopsoas compartment (MLIPC) are uncommon in patients in departments of medicine and their incidence and etiologies are unclear. In a prospective study we diagnosed various MLIPCs in 7 patients during a 10-year period, representing 0.03% of admissions. Symptoms included abdominal or flank pain (4 cases), pain along the thigh (5), diminished psoas muscle strength (2), fever (2), and hypotension (1). MLIPC was suspected on clinical grounds in 5 cases. In all cases the diagnosis was established by computed tomography (CT). Tissue was sampled by needle biopsy in 4 and on surgery in 1. MLIPCs were caused by hemorrhage (2), infection (2), neoplasia (2) and inflammatory mass (1). Often MLIPCs are life-threatening so their timely diagnosis by early CT scan is important.

Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Mediastinal Masses Guided by Computed Tomography

M. Sklair-Levy, D. Shaham, I. Sherman, I. Bar-Ziv, I. Libson

Depts. of Radiology and Pathology, Hadassah-University Hospital, Jerusalem

Progress in diagnostic radiology and pathology during the past decade has changed the approach to diagnosis of mediastinal masses. Diagnosis by CT-guided needle biopsy (CTNB) has replaced open biopsy and mediastinoscopy. CTNB of mediastinal masses is accurate, reliable and safe. It is done under local anesthesia, in ambulatory patients and is tolerated well. Between July 1987 and April 1997 we performed 67 biopsies in 63 patients aged 6-86 years; 33 were women (average age 40.8 years) and 30 men (average age 38.3 years). 57 of 67 biopsies were core biopsies for histologic examination and 10 were cytologic biopsies. In this report we concentrate on the 57 core biopsies. 41 of the biopsies were diagnostic; in 3 of them no evidence of malignancy was found. In 38 of the biopsies a tumor, malignant or benign, or an inflammatory process was diagnosed. In 24 of the biopsies the diagnosis was lymphoma. In 16 there was not enough material for diagnosis. We repeated the biopsy in 4 of the latter due to high suspicion of malignancy and reached a diagnosis in all 4 of them. In 6 the diagnosis was reached only by operation. The biopsies were from all compartments of the mediastinum. There were no complications such as pneumothorax or bleeding, except for 1 case of mild hemoptysis. In conclusion, CTNB of mediastinal lesions is accurate, safe and relatively cheap. In 72% a diagnosis was reached in the first attempt and a second attempt raised the diagnostic rate to 79%. We believe that CTNB should be the first step in tissue diagnosis of mediastinal masses, including those with a high suspicion of lymphoma.

Surgical Approach to Benign Extradural Lesions of the Thoracic Spine

Ely Ashkenazi, Stephen T. Onesti, W.J. Michelsen

Depts. of Neurosurgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem and Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, The Bronx, New York

A benign epidural lesion in the thoracic spine is rare, and usually the result of intervertebral disc herniation or infection. Not long ago patients were diagnosed late in the course of their disease and the surgical results of the standard laminectomy usually performed were grave. The development of newer imaging techniques (CT and MRI) has made diagnosis much easier, so diagnosis is often earlier, when neurological deficit is minimal. Newer neurosurgical techniques and approaches to the thoracic spoine have been developed to treat these lesions, which we describe. Clinical data on 16 patients operated from January 1996 to January 1997 are presented.